A STUDY ON GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) MEAL AND ITS EFFECT AS A FEEDING INGREDIENT IN BROILER CHICKEN DIET

A STUDY ON GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) MEAL AND ITS EFFECT AS A FEEDING INGREDIENT IN BROILER CHICKEN DIET

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Because of the alleged harmful consequences of antibiotic resistance on human health, there is growing demand to decrease or abolish the use of antibiotics in poultry feed (Javandel et al., 2008). A nationwide regulation prohibiting the use of antibiotics in poultry is in place in the United States (USDA, 2005). As a result, poultry farmers are exploring for antibiotic alternatives that are less expensive and have less side effects. Antibiotics that may cause residues to form in meat, milk, or eggs should not be used in food intended for human consumption. If antibiotics are required for the prevention and treatment of animal infections, a period of withholding must be observed until residues are insignificant or no longer detectable. Antibiotics are frequently used to increase growth and feed efficiency, synchronize or manage the reproductive cycle, and improve breeding performance, but they also have negative side effects. Antibiotic resistance in food of animal origin can occur in two ways: one, it can cause direct toxicity in humans, and the other is whether low levels of antibiotic exposure can alter microflora, cause disease, and lead to the development of resistant strains, which can lead to antibiotic therapy failure in clinical situations. Over the last 45 years, antibiotics have saved countless lives. We are really lucky to have them as a treatment option for severe bacterial infections. Antibiotics are unfortunately overprescribed, especially to youngsters. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, between 20 and 50 percent of the 235 million antibiotic doses provided each year are unnecessary. Unfortunately, children's health might be jeopardized by this abuse of antibiotics.

A range of potentially beneficial feed additives might be added to poultry feed to boost output or minimize disease transmission. Garlic is one such alternative feed supplement (Allium sativum).

Garlic (Allium sativum) is widely available and utilized as a spice and herbal medicine in all regions of the world for the prevention and treatment of a broad range of ailments, including bacteria pharmacologic infections and respiratory disorders. Garlic is said to offer a variety of benefits. Garlic as a feed addition boosted broiler growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and mortality rate, according to Horton and Prasad (1991). Garlic, according to Demir et al., (2003), might be employed as an alternative antibiotic growth promoter in broiler production. According to Javandel et al., (2008), using natural feed additives like garlic has allowed people to avoid the adverse effects of synthetic antibiotics.

Garlic's antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, larvicidal, and enzyme inhibitory properties have been extensively researched (Wills, 1956; Amonkar and Banerji, 1971; Barone and Tansey, 1977; Moore and Atkins, 1977; Sato and Terao 1993; Rees et al., 1993; Sato et al., 1990; Wagar et al., 1990; Wagar et al., 1990 (1994).

Allicin, also known as dially thiosulphiniz acid, is the primary inhibitory component in garlic (Saleem and Al-Delaimy, 2000). (1982). When garlic bulbs are crushed, allicin is created enzymatically from its precursor.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Garlic is extensively consumed as a human meal because of its disagreeable odor and harsh flavor. Because monogastric animals can directly incorporate dietary components into their tissues (Scaife et al., 1994; Onibi et al., 2000), supplementary garlic for broilers could mediate in getting the bioactive compounds in garlic into the human food chain via broiler meat while avoiding resentment from direct consumption. However, there are few studies that support the use of supplemental garlic in broiler nutrition in terms of quantity and type. In this context, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of adding sun dried garlic powder to broiler chicken feed on growth performance, carcass features, garlic scent, palatability, and oxidative stability of meat.

As a result, the goal of this study was to see if garlic may help broiler chicks develop faster.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

 

 

The main objectives of this study are;

1. To evaluate the effects of garlic as a growth promoter on the growth performance of broiler chickens.
2. Determine the effect of garlic supplementation on the carcass characteristics of broiler chickens.
3. To examine the effect of garlic on intestinal microbial levels and haematological parameters of broiler chickens.
4. The effectiveness of garlic as a growth promoter compared to synthetic antibiotics and other plant based growth promoters.
5. To determine the cost analysis of garlic supplementation in broiler production.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The following questions guide this study;

1. What are the effects of garlic as a growth promoter on the growth performance of broiler chickens?
2. What are the effect of garlic supplementation on the carcass characteristics of broiler chickens?
3. What are the effect of garlic on intestinal microbial levels and haematological parameters of broiler chickens?
4. What is the effectiveness of garlic as a growth promoter compared to synthetic antibiotics and other plant based growth promoters?
5. What is the cost analysis of garlic supplementation in broiler production?

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study focuses to evaluate the effects of garlic as a growth promoter on the growth performance of broiler chickens. This study will also determine the effect of garlic supplementation on the carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Also, this study will examine the effect of garlic on intestinal microbial levels and haematological parameters of broiler chickens. Furthermore, this study will examine the effectiveness of garlic as a growth promoter compared to synthetic antibiotics and other plant based growth promoters. Finally, this study will determine the cost analysis of garlic supplementation in broiler production.

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